Hoʻokomo ʻia ʻo Toothpaste i nā ʻāpana wīwī paukū, nā mea pulu, heʻe nalu, nā mea hoʻopili, nā meaʻala, nā meaʻono a me nā mea hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe.

1. ʻO ka agena hakakā pinepine i hoʻohana ʻia i nā ʻākoʻakoʻa fragment i loko o ka toothpaste e:

①Kalepona kalapona: Aia ʻelua mau ʻano o ke kalepona kalapona: kaumaha a māmā. Hana ʻia ka carbonate kalikaumaha kaumaha e ka wāwahi ʻana, ka wili ʻana ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i ka limestone a me ka kalena i ka pōhaku. Hoʻoholo ke kalepona kalepona māmā i ka paʻakai paʻakai i loko o ka waikona hydrochloric a laila hoʻolauna i ke kalaponaʻokikene e loaʻa ai ka paʻakai kalapona kalapona. ʻO nā kinikona kalipona māmā a maikaʻi a me ka umekaumaha kikoʻī, i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka toothpaste.

②Kālika hydrogen phosphate (calcium hydrogen phosphate dihydrate CaHPO4·2H2O a me ka calcium hydrogen phosphate anhydrous paʻakai CaHPO4): Māhele ʻia ka calcium hydrogen phosphate i ʻelua mole wai, dihydrate a me anhydrous. ʻO ka paʻakai dihydrate a me nā mea hana ʻē aʻe i loaʻa nā waiwai hoʻohuihui maikaʻi, akā ma muli o ka paʻakikī nui a me ka hakakā ikaika o ka paʻakai anhydrous, 5% a 10% hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia ka paʻakai anhydrous i loko o ka ʻāpala niho hoʻoneʻe kūikawā.

③Kalipona pyrophosphate (Ca2P2O7): Loaʻa ke kalipona pyrophosphate e ka mālama wela kiʻekiʻe o ka calcium hydrogen phosphate. No ka mea ʻaʻole ia e pane me nā pūhui i loaʻa i ka fluorine, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he kumuwaiwai no ka toothpaste i loaʻa i ka fluorine.

④ʻO ka waikawa silikika hydrated (SiO2・nH2O): ʻo ka silicic acid hydrated kahi ʻāpana keʻokeʻo maikaʻi loa i hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i ka toothpaste aniani moakaka. Eia hou, no ka nui o kāna kiko kikoʻī, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he extender a mānoanoa hoʻi no ka toothpaste.

⑤Aluminium hydroxide [A1 (OH) 3]: ʻO nā mea o ka aluminika hydroxide he mea ʻē aʻe papa, akā ʻaʻole ia e hōʻino i ka enamel, a hiki iā ia ke hoʻonui i ka ʻōlinolino o ka ʻāpiki a loaʻa ka mana hoʻomaʻemaʻe niho maikaʻi.

2. Hiki i ka ʻūpulu hoʻomaʻemaʻe ke ʻūpū hoʻomaʻū ke pale aku i ka ʻāpala niho mai ka paʻa a paʻakikī ʻana i ka paipu, a hana ka ʻāpala i ka hinuhinu a me nā hopena ʻē aʻe. Nui nā humectants i hoʻohana ʻia i ka toothpaste e like me glycerin, propylene glycol, a me sorbitol.

3. Mea heʻe nalu i mea e hoʻomaʻemaʻe ai i ka lepo i ka lua o ka waha, hoʻohana nui ʻia kahi detergent-sodium sodium lauryl sulfonate kūlike ʻole. Hiki iā ia ke huehue koke, a hiki iā ia ke huʻa a hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka lepo i ka waha. ʻO ka ʻāpana ʻeleu i hoʻohana ʻia i ka toothpaste koi i ka maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe loa me ka ʻole o kahi ʻaʻala kūikawā, a ʻo 2% ka hopena maʻamau.

4. Binder I mea e hoʻopili pono ai i nā mea hana i ka nīpī, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā mea paʻa, e like me CMC (carboxymethyl cellulose sodium paʻakai) a me nā mea i loaʻa mai, carrageenan, sodium alginate a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

5. ʻO nā mea ʻala ka mea ʻala i hoʻohana ʻia no ka toothpaste ma ka nui o ka mint, a he mea pono nui ia e hāʻawi i ka ʻāpala i kahi manaʻo ʻoluʻolu. Hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka Mint i menthol (menthol), ka aila peppermint, peppermint a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a me nā mea ʻala i loaʻa mai iā lākou. Eia hou, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā mea ʻono huaʻai, e like me nā ʻono citrus, akā palena palena ʻia lākou e like me nā ʻono ʻāpala niho.

6. Mea hoʻonanea i mea e hoʻomaikaʻi ai i ka ʻono o ka ʻāpala niho, hoʻohui ʻia i kahi ʻāpana liʻiliʻi o ka saccharin i ka ʻāpiki niho. ʻOiai ʻo ka glycerin i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he humectant kekahi mea ʻono, ʻo ka mahele o ka saccharin ʻo ia ka 0.01% i ka 0.

7. Nā mea hana kūikawā ʻē aʻe I mea e pale a mālama ai i nā maʻi waha, ua hoʻohui pū ʻia kekahi mau niho niho me kekahi mau mea ponoʻī. ①No ka hemo ʻana i ka hanu maikaʻi ʻole, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia nā fungicides e like me dioxophenylbiguanidyl hexane a me benzyl waiʻona i ka nīpala niho, aia kekahi hopena o ka lau keleawe keleawe i ka pale ʻana i ka hanu maikaʻi ʻole. ② Hiki ke hoʻohui ʻia nā hui fluorine e pale i nā caries niho, i hiki ke kāohi i ka fermentation o nā koena i ka waha o ka waha a hoʻoikaika i ka enamel ma ka ʻili o nā niho. Mai ke kuanaʻike o ka palekana, ua hōʻike ʻia ka ʻike fluorine i ka toothpaste ma lalo o 1000 micrograms. I ka poʻe e hoʻohana i ka wai kūlohelohe i loko o ka fluorine, haʻahaʻa ka hanana o nā caries niho, akā ʻo ka wai inu me ka nui o ka fluoride e hana i kahi ʻāpua (ʻāpana niho) ma ka ʻili o ka niho, kahi e palupalu ai ka niho. Hoʻohui ʻia, hoʻohui pinepine ʻia kekahi mau preservatives i ka toothpaste i mea e hōʻino ʻole ai i ka pala.