Me ka hohonu mau o ka hoʻomohala ʻana a me ka noiʻi noi ʻana o nā surfactants, ke hoʻonui nei hoʻi kāna pae noi. I kēia manawa, ua lilo nā surfactants i nā ʻāpana nui o nā mea holoi lole, a he nui hoʻi nā noi nui i nā mea hoʻonaninani, e like me ka emulsifying, ka hoʻopuehu ʻana, ka solubilizing, ka huʻa ʻana a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻana i nā mea hoʻonaninani.

1) Emulsification

ʻO ke ʻano o ka emulsifying like ʻole i nā wai hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia i ka wai e hana i kahi emulsion i kapa ʻia ʻo emulsification. Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā emulsifiers i ka hana ʻana i nā kalima a me nā lotion i nā mea hoʻonaninani. ʻO ka pauka momona pauka a me ka waiū kūlike ʻole nā ​​ʻano emuliona 0 / W, i hiki ke emulsified me ke anionic emulsifier fatty acid soap (kopa). ʻOi aku ka maʻalahi o ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā emulsions me ka aila liʻiliʻi e ka emulsification kopa, a ʻo ka hopena gelling o ke kopa e hiki ke hana i kahi viscosity ʻoi aku ka nui. No nā kalima anuanu i loko o ka nui o ka aila, ʻo ka emulsion ka nui o ka w / ʻO ke ʻano, a me ka lanolin maoli me ka lawe nui ʻana o ka wai a me ka viscosity kiʻekiʻe hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia no ka emulsification. I kēia manawa, ʻo ka emulsifier non-ionic i hoʻohana nui ʻia ʻo ia ka palekana o ka emulsifier ʻole ionic a haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO ka ester fatb acid sorbitan kaulana (Span) a me kāna ethylene oxide adduct (T waena) he emulsifiers hui pū ʻia non-ionic maikaʻi. ʻO Span he lipophilic a ʻo Tantara he hydrophilic, a hui pū ʻia nā mea ʻelua. Hoʻohana ʻia i nā emuliona O / W, hiki ke hana i nā emulsions me ke kūpaʻa maikaʻi a me ka pili o ka ʻili kiʻekiʻe.

2) Solubilization

ʻO ke ʻano o ka hoʻonui ʻana i ka solubility o nā mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a i ʻole hiki ʻole ke wehe ʻia i kapa ʻia he solubilization. Ke hoʻohui ʻia ka surfactant i ka wai, e haule nui ke kūpikipiki o ka wai i ka mua, a laila hoʻokumu ʻia nā micelles o nā molekope surfactant. ʻO ke kūpikipiki o ka surfactant i hoʻohana ʻia e hana i nā micelles i kapa ʻia ka nui koʻikoʻi micelle. Ke hiki aku ka paʻa o ka surfactant i ka nui o ka micelle concentration, hiki i ka micelle ke omo i ka aila a i ʻole nā ​​ʻāpana paʻa ma kekahi wēlau o ka waihona lipophilic, a pēlā e hoʻonui ai i ka solubility o ka mea hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a ʻole hiki ʻole ke hoʻonā ʻia.

Hoʻohana nui ʻia nā solubilizers i nā mea hoʻonani i ka hana ʻana i nā lotion, tonic lauoho, a me nā tonic lauoho. Pono nā surfactants i hoʻohana ʻia ma ke ʻano he solubilizers i hydrophilicity kiʻekiʻe, HLB> 15, e like me ka aila castor hardened polyoxyethylene, aila castor polyoxyethylene, a me ka waiʻona momona polyoxyethylene ether, waiʻona waiʻona polyoxyethylene-polyoxypropylene Ether, polyoxyethylene sorbitan fatty acid esterty a me polyglycerin etc.

ʻO nā mea aila i loko o nā mea hoʻonaninani, e like me nā ʻaʻala, nā aila, a me nā huamona hiki ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia me ka aila, loaʻa nā ʻano solubilization ʻokoʻa ma muli o nā ʻokoʻa o ka hoʻolālā a me ka polarity No laila, pono e koho ʻia nā surfactants kūpono i solubilizers. ʻO kahi laʻana, nā mea solubilization o ka lotion he mea ʻala, aila a me nā lāʻau lapaʻau, a pēlā aku, no laila hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia nā alkyl polyoxyethylene ether no ka solubilization. ʻOiai ʻo alkylphenol polyoxyethylene ether (ʻano OP, ʻano TX) he hiki ke solubilizing ikaika, hoʻonāukiuki lākou i nā maka a hoʻohana pinepine ʻole ʻia. Hoʻohui ʻia, loaʻa i ka castor aila-based amphoteric derivatives i ka solubility maikaʻi loa i nā aila ʻaila a me nā aila mea kanu, a ʻo ia ʻano surfactants ʻaʻohe mea hoʻonāukiuki i nā maka a kūpono no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā shampo ʻole hoʻonāukiuki a me nā mea hoʻonani ʻē aʻe.

3) Hoʻopuehu

ʻO ke ʻano i kahi o nā mea i hiki ʻole i ka wai ke hana i nā huna huna i kahi moku like i hoʻopuehu ʻia i ka wai i kapa ʻia ʻo dispersion. ʻO ka ʻōnaehana hoʻopuehu o nā mea hoʻonaninani i nā ʻekolu mau ʻāpana: ka pauka, ka mea hoʻoheheʻe a me ka dispersant. Hiki ke hoʻokaʻawale ʻia ka pauka i ʻelua mau ʻano: nā pigment inorganic (e like me talc, mica, titanium dioxide, carbon black, a pēlā aku) a me nā pigments ʻokanika (e like me ka polthalocyanine polū, a pēlā aku), ʻo ka mea nui e hana i nā cosmetics i kahi leo kala maikaʻi, hiki uhi i ke kala kāʻei kua, a hoʻohana maikaʻi Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i ʻelua mau ʻano: ka wai a me ka wai ʻole. Hoʻohana ʻia nā mea hoʻolaha e like me media me ka hydrophilic (pili i nā ʻōnaehana wai) a me ka lipophilic (pili i nā ʻōnaehana wai ʻole). No laila, loaʻa nā ʻōnaehana he nui i ka ʻōnaehana.

Hoʻohana ʻia nā surfactants he nui i nā mea hoʻopuehu i nā emulsifiers a me nā dispersants, e like me ka waiʻona momona momona polyoxyethylene ether, nā waiʻona waikawa momona sorbitan, nā waiʻona momona momona polyoxyethylene ether phosphates, alkyl ether carboxylates a me alkyl ethers. ʻO Sulfonates, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, he waiwai maikaʻi kā lākou a pau. I mea e hoʻopuehu loa ai i ka pauka i loko o ka wai, pono i ka wai ke pulu i ka ʻili o ka pauka. No laila, ke koho ʻana i kahi surfactant, e noʻonoʻo mua i ka HLB o ka pauka a me ka mea hoʻopuehu. ʻO ka maʻamau, ke hoʻohana ʻana i nā paukū lipophilic i loko o nā ʻōnaehana wai, pono e hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā surfactants hydrophilic.

4) Ka hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe

Hoʻohana ʻia nā huahana pilikino no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe me ka shampoo, ka gel shower a me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe helehelena. Ma waho aʻe o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe, hoʻohuihui a me nā hana hoʻoluʻu, ʻo ka mea nui i kēia manawa ka akahai i ka ʻili. Pono kēia i ka surfactant ʻaʻole e hōʻino i nā hunaola epidermal, ʻaʻole pili i ka protein o ka ʻili, a ʻaʻole komo a komo i loko o ka ʻili. E mālama i ka aila ʻili a me ka ʻili iho i kahi kūlana maʻamau.

ʻO ka Anionic surfactants kahi moʻolelo lōʻihi o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe. ʻAʻole kūlike ka detergency o ke kopa e nā mea holoi ʻē aʻe. ʻO Sodium lauryl sulfate kahi mea maʻa mau i hoʻohana ʻia i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe cosmetics, hiki iā ia ke hana i ka ʻili i kahi hopena hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi. ʻO nā surfactants amphoteric, imidazoline, cocamidopropyl betaine a me nā amino acid he surfactants hoʻomaʻemaʻe hoʻomaʻemaʻe āpau ia, a he mau mea pono ʻole ia no ka hoʻomākaukau ʻana i nā huahana hoʻomaʻemaʻe helehelena kiʻekiʻe, shampoos mālama lauoho a me nā shampoos pēpē.

5) Ka hopena palupalu a antistatic

Nā surfactation Cationic ʻo ia nā mea hoʻolālā nui i nā huahana hoʻoulu lauoho e like me nā mea hoʻopili a me nā mea hoʻoulu. Loaʻa iā lākou ka palupalu maikaʻi a me ka hiki antistatic a pāʻani i kahi kūlana kūikawā i nā mea hoʻoluʻulu lauoho lauoho. Hoʻohana pinepine ʻiaheʻe nalu cationic he monoalkyl a me dinā paʻakai alkoni quaternary amonium, ʻo ia hoʻi ʻo C16-18 monoalkyl ammonium salts, pālua C16-18 nā paʻakai alkoni quaternary amonium a nā paʻakai alkoniamona alkylbenzyl quaternary. Asymmetric kiʻekiʻe,ʻO ka paʻakai amonium octyl dimethyl quethnary a me ka paʻakai methyl ammonium 3-cetyl methyl, he hopena maikaʻi kēia mau paʻakai amonium quaternary i ka palu maloʻo ʻana, ka palu ʻana a me ka detackification o ka lauoho. I kēia mau lā, ʻo ka maka maka nui loa ka paʻakai amonium quaternary i loaʻa mai ka lanolin fatty acid. ʻOi aku ka hoʻonāukiuki a loaʻa ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me nā waiwai pulu o lanolin a me nā ʻano oheʻe nalu cationic, ka mea hiki ke hāʻawi i ka lauoho i ka pulu a me ka pā pono e like me ka palupalu.

6) Wetting a komo i loko

Ma ke ʻano he cosmetics, ʻaʻole pono lākou i nā hopena nani, akā ʻoluʻolu a palupalu hoʻi ke hoʻohana ʻia. ʻAʻole hiki ke kaʻawale kēia mau mea mai ka hopena mākū o nā surfactants. Ma kēia mea, ua loaʻa nā hopena maikaʻi i nā biosurfactants. Ma ke ʻano he mea nui o nā hunaolaola, he mea nui ka phospholipids i ke kaola ʻana o ka cell a me ka mālama ʻana i ka membrane o ka cell, a maikaʻi ka paʻa ʻana o ka wai a me ka permeability i ka ʻili kanaka. ʻO nā biosurfactants Sophorolipid kahi pilina kūikawā no ka ʻili, kahi e hiki ai i ka ʻili ke palupalu a hoʻoliʻiliʻi. Ke hoʻohana nei i ka synthemical biochemical a me nā ʻano hana ʻē aʻe e hoʻomākaukau i nā mea pono biochemical ʻeleu a me nā huaora derivatives, hoʻomākaukau enzyme, nā mea ulu ulu (EGF, DFGF), collagen, elastin, ceramide a me hyaluronic acid, a pēlā aku, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia mau mea i nā cosmetics. Hoʻopili i loko o ka ʻili, komo i ka metabolism o nā ʻili a me nā ʻili, hoʻololi i ke ʻano o nā ʻili o ka ʻili, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, i mea e loaʻa ai nā hopena o ka anti-wrinkle, anti-age and whitening.