1. Hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai

No ka mea aia kahi pilina polar N → 0 i ka mole mole oxide amine, a me ka manawa dipole ʻo 4.38D, aia nā ʻano o ka polarity kiʻekiʻe a me kahi pae hoʻoheheʻe kiʻekiʻe. Māmā maʻalahi ia i nā mea hoʻoheheʻe i polar e like me ka wai a me nā wai ʻalalalo, akā hiki ʻole ke hoʻoheheʻe ʻia No nā mea hoʻoheheʻe ʻole polar e like me ka aila mineral a me ka benzene.

I loko o ka wai aqueous solution, aia ka amine oxide i kahi nui ma ke ʻano o ka hydrate (R1R2R3NO · XH2O), akā me ka loli o ka waiwai o ka pH, e loli ka polarity. ʻO kahi laʻana, i ka hopena alkaline me pH> 7, he surfionant anionic nui ia. . Eia nō naʻe, i nā hopena waikawa ma pH <3, ke ʻano nui nā amine oxides i ke ʻano o nā cations [R1R2R3NOH] +. ʻO ka wai aqueous solution o amine oxide he nāwaliwali nā waiwai oxidizing, a hoʻohana ʻia ia i nā mea hoʻonani e keʻokeʻo ai ka ʻili.

2. ʻOhana hana

(1) ʻIke piʻi: Ma hope o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka amine oxide, e hoʻoliʻiliʻi nui ʻia ka ʻilikai o ka wai. ʻO kahi laʻana, ʻo ke kiʻekiʻe o ka wai maoli ma 72,80 × 10-3N / m. ʻO ke kūpikipiki honua i ka nui o ka micelle concentration (cmc) o nā amine oxides e pili ana iā 30 × 10-3N / m. I ka cmc, ʻoi aku ka haʻahaʻa o ka ʻilikai amine ma lalo o ka paʻakai amonium quaternary, no laila ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hana o ka amine oxide ma mua o ka paʻakai amonium quaternary.

(2) Ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa: Ke hui ʻia ka amine oxide me AES a i ʻole AS, he hopena synergistic kona i ka decontamination, akā ke hui ʻia me LAS, ʻaʻole maikaʻi kāna hopena synergistic. Hoʻohana ka huahana o ka holoi ʻana i ka lipstick i ka 12% fatty acid (C12: C18 = 12: 1), 13% non-ionic surfactant, 12% LAS. Inā hoʻohui ʻia kekahi nui o ka amine oxide, e maikaʻi loa ka hopena o ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe.

(3) Emulsifying power: He mana emulsifying kahi hōʻailona e ana i ka maikaʻi o nā emulsifiers. ʻO kahi laʻana, emulsify ka amine oxide aqueous solution a me ka aila solvent ma lalo o nā kūlana like ma 70 ° C, a laila e nānā i ka loli o ka nui ma hope o ka emulsification. Hōʻike nā hopena i nā homologs amine oxide, hoʻonui ka hiki ke emulsification me ka hoʻonui ʻana o ka helu kalapona o ka hui alkyl chain chain long. ʻO kekahi hiʻohiʻona o ka amine oxide ma ke ʻano emulsifier hiki iā ia ke emulsify i ka nui o nā waiwai pH, keu hoʻi i nā media acidic, hiki ke maʻalahi me nā cation ammonium quaternary ma ke ʻano he preservatives a me bactericides, ʻaʻole wale e ālai i ka hana anti-corrosion o ka preservative, a hiki ke hoʻonui i kāna hana anti-corrosion, kahi i ʻoi aku i ka hiki ʻole o nā surfactants non-ionic ʻē aʻe.

(4) Hoʻopaʻa a me ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hua: ʻO Amine oxide kahi mea e hoʻokūpaʻa pono ai i ka mea hoʻohana, hoʻohana mau ʻia i nā wai holoi lole a i ʻole nā ​​holoi holoi ipu. ʻO ka huahana me ke ana o 1% a 5% he hana haʻahaʻa kāna, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻonāukiuki i nā maka, a kūpaʻa i ka wai paʻakikī. He hana maikaʻi kāna, a ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka huʻa i ka wai paʻakikī me ka pH = 9, 300mg / kg. Ke hui ʻia ka waiwa waiwa momona Sodate (AS) me ka amine oxide, piha a paʻa ka huʻa, ʻoiai inā he aila, ʻaʻole ia e loli. No laila, hoʻohana pinepine ʻia ia me nā mea hana anionic e like me LAS, AS, AES, SAS, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe, a he hopena maikaʻi anti-hoʻonāukiuki. ʻO ka hua i hana ʻia e amine oxide kahi manaʻo momona a hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā shampoos a me nā huahana ʻauʻau.

(5) Thickening effect: Amine oxide has a good thickening effect. For example, the mass fraction of amine oxide mixed with AES (1:9) is 15% active substance solution (the following% are all mass fractions), in an acid medium , Even with little salt, the thickening effect is obvious, and it is mild and has good conditioning. Amine oxide 4.5%, AES 8.5%, NaCl 4%, pH=8, viscosity (20°C) up to 7Pa·s, cloud point <-5°C, but for the solubilization and thickening of shampoo, the carbon atom is preferably C14. The thickening effect of amine oxide can also be used in high alkaline bleach (9% C12, 0.5% NaOH, 4% Na2CO3, a small amount of amine oxide), 10% HCl solution added 1.5% dihydroxyethyl tallow base Amine oxide and 1.5% tallow dimethyl ammonium chloride can increase the consistency to 1Pa·S.

Ke ʻoi aku ka nui o ka amine oxide i kekahi papa, hana ʻia kahi pae waena mānoanoa loa. ʻOiai ua hoʻonui ʻia ka mahana, ʻaʻole hiki ke hoʻololi i kahi kaʻanuʻu isotropic. No laila, ke hana ʻia ka amine oxide, ma kahi o 30% hiki ke loaʻa ka hopena wai, paʻakikī e loaʻa No nā huahana me nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻohui ʻia nā surfionants anionic e kiʻi i nā kiʻekiʻe kiʻekiʻe o nā huahana amonium oxide.

（4） Hoʻohālikelike me nā anionic surfactants

ʻO ka hana o amine oxide amphoteric surfactants he akahai. Hoʻohana ʻia nā Anionic surfactants a me nā amine oxides i kahi nui o nā formerger detergent e hoʻoliʻiliʻi i ka huhū o nā anionic surfactants a loaʻa nā hopena kūikawā. Ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ka amine oxide ma mua o ka cmc, ka hui ʻana me nā anionic surfactants e hana i nā anion a me nā cations e hoʻonui ai i ka pH o ka ua, i kumu ʻia e ka protonation tendency of amine oxide; ma cmc, nā ʻano ʻelua i hui pū ʻia me nā micelles; kiʻekiʻe Ma ka cmc, ua hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka anion a me nā paʻakai cation i nā micelles i hui ʻia.

Ke hōʻike ʻo PH≥8, hōʻike ka amine oxide i nā ʻano non-ionic a hiki ke hoʻopili ʻia me nā anion; ke hiki i ka PH ke hiki i ka pH are6, hoʻohui ʻia nā mea ʻelua i ka lakio kūpono. Hoʻohui ka amine oxide a me ka anionic surfactant e hana i kahi pālua anion-cation e hana i kahi hopena aniani. I kēia manawa, hoʻoheheʻe ʻia ka paʻakai anion-cation i nā micelles surfactant keu. Inā hoʻohana ʻia ka dimethyl amine oxide ma kahi o dimethyl amine oxide, e ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻokaulike; inā ua hoʻololi ʻia e ka amine oxide i loaʻa nā polyoxyethylene ether ʻāpana, ʻoi loa ka hopena.

(5) Pīkino kino

ʻO Amine oxide kahi mea ʻona ʻole a haʻahaʻa paha. ʻO ka hopena kūʻai kalepa i hoʻonāukiuki mua i ka ʻili o nā lāpaki, a ke hoʻonāukiuki iki nei nā maka. Ma ka noʻonoʻo 2%, ʻaʻohe mea hoʻonāukiuki; ua hānai ʻia a uhi ʻia me ka alkyl dimethyl no ʻelua mau makahiki. ʻO Amine oxide, ʻaʻohe carcinogenesis i hoʻokumu ʻia e amine oxide i loaʻa. ʻO ka biodegradability o amine oxide maikaʻi, 88% hiki ke hoʻohaʻahaʻa ma hope o 2 mau pule a me 93% i nā hebedoma 4. ʻAʻohe mea ʻona ʻo Amine oxide a haʻahaʻa loa i ka ʻili a me nā maka. Wahi a KLein hōʻike: ʻO ka LD50 o ka amine oxide he 2000mg / kg ～ 6000mg / kg, a aneane like ia me ka LD50 o ka pākaukau paʻakai o 4000mg / kg. Ke hui pū ʻia me nā ʻākena ʻeleu ʻē aʻe, he waiwai anti-hoʻonāukiuki ka amine oxide a hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia i nā shampoos anti-dandruff e hoʻemi i ka huhū o ZPT. Hoʻohui ʻia, i nā shampoos acidic a me nā hopena acidic, hiki i ka amine oxide ke hui pū me nā hui carboxyl ma nā ʻaoʻao o ka lauoho a me ka ʻili. Hiki iā ia ke hoʻonani i ka lauoho, hōʻemi i ka flutter, maʻalahi e pulu i ka waihona, a hoʻomaikaʻi i ka ʻili o ka ʻili.

(6) Antimicrobial

He hana antibacterial kā Alkyl amine oxide, akā ʻaʻole ia e hiki i nā ʻano bactericidal ikaika o ka paʻakai amonium quaternary. Eia nō naʻe, he huahana antiseptic kā ka amine oxide ponoʻī, i hiki ke pale i ka ulu ʻana o ka pala a mālama i ka hana kiʻekiʻe i nā haʻina dilute loa. . Hōʻike kekahi o nā hui amine oxides i nā waiwai bactericidal kiʻekiʻe aʻe, a hoʻohana ʻia i nā kopa e like me nā deodorants bactericidal, a ʻo nā bactericides iodine i loaʻa i mea e hoʻonui ai i ka solubility a me ke kūpaʻa o iodine, a he mea nui i ka sterilization a me synergy. I waena o lākou, pili ka hopena o ka dodecyl dimethyl amine oxide i ka pāpā ʻana i ka ulu ʻana o Staphylococcus aureus me ka like o ka surfactant cationic e pili ana, ʻoiai he ʻilihune ka hopena o nā hopena o nā amine oxides ʻē aʻe.

(7) Antistatic

He hygroscopicity kiʻekiʻe a amine oxide a hiki ke hana i kahi kiʻi ʻoniʻoni hoʻomau i ka ʻili o ka fiber a resin paha, no laila he antistatic maikaʻi loa ia. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me nā ʻākena antistatic ʻē aʻe, ʻo kāna hiʻohiʻona nui loa ka loli me ke anuanu o ke kaiāulu, hoʻololi iki ka hopena antistatic, a hōʻike ia i nā hana antistatic maikaʻi ma lalo o ka haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa. ʻO Amine oxide kekahi paʻa paʻa a me ka lubricity maikaʻi, hiki ke maʻalahi me nā lubricants maʻamau, nā emulsifiers a me nā mea antistatic āpau, a maʻalahi hoʻi e hoʻohana.

(8) Antioxidant

ʻAʻole hiki ke kūpaʻa ʻo Amine oxide i ka hopena hypochlorite e ia iho, akā kōkua pū kekahi i nā surfactants ʻē aʻe e hoʻokūpaʻa i ka hypochlorite, no laila hoʻohana nui ʻia ia i nā sterilization a me nā mea holoi disinfection.